Cyprus
Cyprus 1974 timeline: coup, Turkish invasion and UN resolutions
A dated timeline of Cyprus in 1974, from the 15 July coup to the Turkish invasion of 20 July and…
Desk
History
Military and geopolitical history, historic battles, strategic turning points and anniversaries that continue to shape international affairs.
Greece
Imvros and Tenedos explained: what Turkey promised the Greeks at Lausanne
Lausanne Article 14 promised the Greeks of Imvros and Tenedos self-government and protection. Helsinki Watch and the European Court of…
Greece
The Greco-Italian War of 1940-41: how the Greek Army stopped and threw back the Italian invasion, from Pindus to Kleisoura
How the Hellenic Army, outnumbered and short of tanks and aircraft, stopped the Italian invasion at Kalpaki and Pindus, took…
Cyprus
Annan Plan explained: the 2004 Cyprus referendum
What the Annan Plan would have changed in Cyprus, why 75.8 per cent of Greek Cypriots voted no on 24…
Greece
Battle of Crete explained: Operation Mercury, 20 May to 1 June 1941
How German paratroopers and glider troops attacked Crete on 20 May 1941, who defended the island, and what the battle…
Greece
Truman Doctrine explained: why the US aided Greece in 1947
On March 12, 1947 President Truman asked Congress for $400 million to help Greece and Turkey after Britain pulled back.…
Greece
Imia crisis explained: how Greece and Turkey neared war in 1996
A grounded cargo ship, rival flags and two fleets: how the January 1996 Imia crisis unfolded, how U.S. mediation ended…
Greece
Nemesis: what the ancient Greeks believed about the goddess who punishes hubris, and modern Greek deterrence
For the ancient Greeks nemesis meant not revenge but the restoration of measure when someone oversteps it. A look at…
History
Cuban Missile Crisis explained: timeline of October 1962
The Cuban Missile Crisis brought the U.S. and the Soviet Union closest to nuclear war in October 1962. A day-by-day…
Europe
Ohi Day explained: how Greece answered Italy’s ultimatum in 1940
US State Department telegrams record the Italian ultimatum of 28 October 1940, the Greek refusal and the first weeks of…
Cyprus
Istanbul pogrom of 1955 explained: what US records show
US State Department records describe the anti-Greek violence of 6-7 September 1955 in Istanbul and Izmir, the police that did…
Greece
How the Dodecanese Became Greek: History, 1923 to 1948
The Dodecanese passed from Turkey to Italy at Lausanne in 1923 and from Italy to Greece in 1947, with union…